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Man against Machine


"First they ignore you, then they laugh at you, then they fight you, then you win." -- Mahatma Gandhi

Communications Officer Takes Leave of Absence. New Face of fireflySun.COM Unveiled


The Word of fireflySun.com is all Wyatt Ehrenfels. Well, mostly Wyatt Ehrenfels. The fireflySun.com Office of Communications (C.O.) had been invisible to the end user largely because until this week, fireflySun.com enjoyed only one communications officer during its five year run. The Ph.D. volunteer staffer, who chooses to remain unidentified, cited both personal and professional reasons for the move. "Fatigue, really," smiles the outgoing staffer. "I will always cherish this experience. I learned a great deal. I grew a great deal. I really enjoyed working behind the scenes with the person you know as "Wyatt." I enjoyed the exchange of ideas. The creative tension. The fusion of styles. But it became more and more apparent to me over the past few months that I wouldn't be able to juggle responsibilities and I felt the work on the site would ultimately suffer, and I didn't want to see that happen." The C.O. functioned not only as content manager and editor, but also as a liasion between Wyatt Ehrenfels and his publisher. In the words of site designer "Paul" (2001-2003), "[he] was a total buffer. He took some knocks for it too, and I think that may have taken a toll. But we all learned a lot from it, and I think it will really help the new guy [C.O.]."

The resignation follows an agreement with Wyatt Ehrenfels in early January in which the C.O. expressed an interest in leaving the blog upon completing a news page on cyberstalking. The outgoing C.O. denies a disagreement with Ehrenfels over the "fundamental shift" (cyberstalking page) factored into his decision. "There's plenty of Psychology here, and [Wyatt] will continue to push that envelope," he stated.

While his work as content manager and editor for Wyatt Ehrenfels comes to an end, he will continue to answer e-mails through June. The outgoing C.O. participated in the search for his replacement. He leaves fireflySun.com after nearly five years on the job (May 1, 2001 - April 17, 2006), and we wish him the very best of luck in his new career. His departure marks an end of an era for the psychology blog. The C.O. leaves as Wyatt Ehrenfels calls for a "slow growth" plan to protect the swelling blog from what he calls "urban sprawl." In his own words: "Jung believed the personality alternates between stages of what he called progression and regression not unlike the systole and diastole of the heart. Similarly, the universe is believed to expand and contract. So does this blog. [Outgoing C.O.]'s skill set was perfectly suited for expanding this blog when we really needed him. But now it's time to rebuild downtown ... embroider and frame our central thesis, and I think [incoming C.O.] will minister to this task with distinction. I hate to lose any of our volunteers. Most of us have a similar love for dreams and have suffered in similar ways for our passion. There's a comeraderie here unlike any I've known before ... makes us feel like we're cozying up around the same table even though we're separated by hundreds of miles."

With one notable exception. Wyatt Ehrenfels lived in close proximity to his outgoing C.O. If for no other reason, this alone will ensure [outgoing C.O.] will be missed.

About Wyatt Ehrenfels


Wyatt Ehrenfels is the pen name of a senior researcher with the federal government with a Ph.D. in Social Psychology. The recently divorced researcher evaluates the outcomes of various educational policies, including a Presidential initiative. During the interview, Dr. Ehrenfels sold his prospective employers on his knack for designing high-quality methodologies seldom seen in departments of psychology. "Inside the university system, with its grant-driven and publish or perish mentality, there is a culture of instant gratification that suffuses research. Step outside that system and you're expected to pay more than lip service to the exploration required by many questions/issues at the front end of what is a cycle of life in the production of knowledge. Most academics accept my criticism of psychological research because they understand all too well how they are constrained by professional trappings and social requirements. But with more academics choosing to stake their career on researching subjects that do not require innovative or exploratory methods ... staking out the most organized parts of our organized body of knowledge ... my argument, while accurate, is not as beneficial or even relevant for them. They do not want to see an argument in which they have no vested interest detract so much as one iota from the public's confidence in the academic community of which they are members. This is what is behind many of the charges of "over-generalization." But despite the fact they have removed themselves from ground zero of my argument does not mean my argument is any less accurate. In fact, it shows that academic psychology has abandoned the more challenging and mysterious parts of human nature."

By night Ehrenfels attends to his labor of love, the relationship between dreaming and waking experiences, and to a blog driving reform in the way dreaming is researched within Psychology. For his efforts, Dr. Ehrenfels garners both praise and [largely unconstructive] criticism. But it's the dispassionate analysis in the middle that interests Wyatt Ehrenfels the most.

A recent contributor to fireflySun.com compares Wyatt Ehrenfels to an entrepreneur, drawing from a new book about entrepreneurs when he writes "the most successful entrepreneurs are a little manic when it comes to their single-mindedness. They have an offbeat idea, which they believe with messianic fervor will change everything. And their evangelical zeal gets some people on board, while alienating others."

His experiences with departments of psychology span three undergraduate institutions, three graduate programs, a post-doctoral program, an institution at which he served as an adjunct instructor, three additional programs observed in an unofficial capacity. As an applicant to 38 graduate programs, Wyatt Ehrenfels made the most of an opportunity to survey the policies, procedures, and criteria driving the selection of graduate students. Academically, Wyatt Ehrenfels performed well. Despite faculty skepticism for his interest in dreaming and faculty suspicion for his extensive knowledge of a classical theory of human nature (i.e. Jungian Analytical Psychology), Ehrenfels maintained a greater than 3.9 grade point average on route to fulfilling requirements for his doctorate at a pace accelerated by diminishing tolerance for faculty harassment and pressure to withdraw. "Some people want to blame me for not having applied to universities that would have been a better fit for my interests. I had. Despite the fact there are not many universities sporting dream researchers, I applied to those that did. It's a bit crass to suggest that compatibility of research interests is the primary, let alone the sole determining, factor. Just about every one of the other 80-700 applicants pursuing the handful of slots can boast this fit. Not fitting will get your disqualified. But fitting does not insure admission. The dream researcher may not have seniority or an available assistantship that year. I have even encountered deteriorating respect for an older dream researcher by an increasingly younger faculty, as was the case with Charles Tart at U.C. Davis. One of their students reported that U.C. Davis used to actively 'misplace' the files of applicants interested in working with Dr. Tart. And then there are the ordinary factors, like the sheer competition or an affirmative action policy or affection for someone of a minority race. And then you have some extraordinary factors, as when an applicant is admitted because his or her senior thesis advisor and letter of recommendation writer has a personal and/or professional relationship with someone on the graduate faculty. You just can't compete with that."

Wyatt Ehrenfels graduated in 3 1/2 years, before many students who entered the program before him defended their master's thesis. Leaving skidmarks not only insured his sanity and his doctorate, but paradoxically worked against his candidacy for post-doctoral teaching positions. It was a blistering pace his professors overtly discouraged with words, but necessitated with their actions. Ehrenfels knew he had to limit their opportunities to find in him proclivities that were not produced by them or consistent with their personal preferences. But in his trauma-induced, milestone-obsessed tunnel vision, Ehrenfels did not have the time to immerse himself in the extracurricular professional development activities required to build a competitive CV in a congenitally saturated university labor market -- activities that force many students to delay core milestones (like a thesis or doctoral candidacy exam) and that keep them in Ph.D. programs for anywhere between 6-12 years.

"All the "wrestling" and "getting in line" to teach undergraduate sections of Intro Psych. Joining research teams in the hopes of one day becoming the sixth author on a four page publication. Editing the chapter of a professor's book, performing his library research, or working the overhead projector for his speech at the national convention in exchange for seeing your name in a footnote and receiving a recommendation and access to the professor's "network." I learned enough in 3 1/2 years to know the doctorate, while necessary, is not a sufficient credential for employment and that assuming any kind of position in this field was a political and parochial affair for which candidates pay an inhuman price on an installment plan. Stafford loans are not the only debt endured by graduate students and by the time freedoms and wits amortize into tenure, when they can finally claim to own their own home in academe, they have survived so many layers of vetting as to have proven themselves unwilling or unable to champion the kind of original idea required by the Psychology's more complex or obscure subjects.

"Many people ask me why I did not go on to pursue a post-doc in Psychology, especially after a wildly successful doctoral dissertation for which I explored relationships between the content and characteristics of dream experiences, coping styles, and blood chemistry in cancer patients. But one does not just 'go on' to a post-doc. They are just as competitive as any other post in academia. Now that we all agree just saturated the university labor market is, it ahs been customary for professors to advise graduate students to forgo applications for tenure-track assistant professorships in favor of the post-doc. Unofficially, the post-doc is regarded as a stage in pre-employment career development. Supplanting the dissertation as the final hurdle, the post-doc has assumed its place in the career development schedule. The vast majority of post-docs last only one year, and after hopping all over the country from one university to another in search of a hospitable climate, I found the idea of another port of call rather odious, especially in light of the fact the post-doc would not dramatically increase my competitiveness for tenure-track assistant professorships. The post-doc has become a silent prerequisite, and if it is not on your CV, your odds of finding a tenure-track position may be greatly reduced, but I would not expect an appreciable boost from the post-doc. And in my case, no post-doc will help me overcome the biases I face as a lab-less dream researcher. I was already resolved at that point to pursue a program where I can respecialize in clinical psychology."

Wyatt Ehrenfels weighed the odds of survival and, more importantly, the odds of meeting his own personal and professional goals, against the impending obstacles and decided he would be foolish to pursue a university position. "I looked at the growing skepticism toward dreaming and the number of competing applicants and I decided that the demands of doing dreaming justice through research put me in direct conflict with the demands of competing for a tenure-track position. As a dream researcher, I am required to sacrifice considerably more than my peers, and my sacrifices do irreparable harm to my personal and professional goals as well as to the phenomenon itself. In a market in which posturing and sacrifice has become a competitive sport, my research interest adversely affects my employment opportunities because dreaming is at an early stage of discovery and requires a great deal of original and expeditionary methodologies. Your curriculum vita is a lot like a business suit. As a dream researcher, I would not be published as often, nor would I be published in the most reputable journals. While my competitors are wearing meticulously stitched and double-breasted Armani suits (not to mention all the cosmetics), I show up looking and smelling like Indiana Jones. It's not that I feel I am not likely to win this game, but that even with doctorate in hand, that I am unqualified to play. I simply cannot survive in a market in which faculty search committees always have this luxury of cherry-picking applicants based on like-mindedness, sheer number of publications weighted by the reputation of the journals, and a willingness to sacrifice. However, the field itself pays a much larger price for its exclusion of people like myself. The quality and psychologistic relevance of its organized body of knowledge and its curriculum continue to deteriorate at an alarming pace.

"As a student of dreams, over the years I have been subject to all manner of resistance, resistance to my subject of interest, resistance to my ideas and methodologies, and resistance to me as a person. I have turned to peers and professors for sympathy, only to hear, "maybe this isn't the field for you." This would bear an eerie resemblance to the popular remark from significant others: "you didn't belong there," if not for the fact friends and family offer their wisdom in the spirit of praise. Rather dubious consolation coming from people aware of my arguably congenital interest in dreaming and personality. (By the age of thirteen I had already read a number of books on the subject of dreams, a General Psychology textbook, and an early edition of a text I’d later read for a graduate course in personality). The most constructive advice came from my wife, who admonished me one February 1, 1999 to stop whining and do something about it. "Write a book," she said. So I did."

But it became apparent rather early into the writing that Fireflies in the Shadow of the Sun required a pseudonym. While I initially scoffed at the idea of sacrificing my identity, after repeated overtures from my spouse and key supporters it became clear extraordinary measures were required to manage risks to her career and to insure their continued support. Her attempt to console a friend pressured to withdraw from the program led to the disclosure of my identity, and her friend "threw my book in the face" of the program director and some of the other students. When students swamped the program director's office with questions about the work, the administration pandered to student fears this mysterious, as-yet unpublished book would erode the value of their degree. Not only was an inquiry required to clear my wife of involvement in the writing of the book, program administrators demanded assurances from my wife that she had no awareness of the book's content. Once cleared of all suspicion, she was forced to deliver a menacing warning and threat of litigation to her husband. An I.O. graduate student specializing in Leadership at another local school was chided for her role in planning a campus speaking engagement for me. But the professionals themselves are not the only group to vindicate fears of reprisal among my spouse and supporters."

The best case for the use of the Wyatt Ehrenfels pseudonym is being made by a group of self-proclaimed 'kook-ologists', led by a former University of California professor, whose obsession with unearthing the identity of Ehrenfels (contact) has crept into harassment complete with veiled threats and cyber-stalking. "It's really quite amusing when you think about it. They don't approve of my practice of using a pen name. So under the pretext of defending gullible readers from the 'deceptive' and 'fraudulent' Ehrenfels, these creepy hoodlums, operating under aliases themselves and using false e-mail addresses, are demanding Ehrenfels disclose his identity. They must not think very highly of the average person, the much-maligned 'man-in-the-street,' but then they could have attempted to defuse the logic of Ehrenfels, to criticize the ideas. The web site is, after all, not an attack on an individual, but an issue-directed campaign. A campaign which a few hoodlums seek to derail by harassing an individual. That is what we call in football lingo an 'end run.' Diversions. Red herrings. Pretexts. Apotropaisms. Well, more power to them. They have generated quite a lot of publicity for this campaign at just the right moment in the life of this book. Our web logs have recorded over thirteen hundred accesses of our favorite icon in the past three weeks alone. It's a win-win situation. They've generated all this publicity for us without taking anything away from our vision for a better Psychology. And when all is said and done, even after people eventually learn the names of key Shadow Psychology figures, even after all the devilry or diversions have played out, nothing will be able to distract you from the facts that the campaign is about ideas and that it is the ideas from which the detractors are running. These are the real facts of this campaign. And they cannot be disputed."

"Sure, they will parade a series of diligently sleuthed and carefully gilded facts about the so-called real identity of Ehrenfels, that is, until out of frustration they lapse into repetitious reframing, argumentativeness, and fabrication. The facts will be accurate but also obvious, in this case readily available to anyone with access to an Internet connection, but though each is accurate in and of itself, neither any fact alone nor the whole lot of them will correctly name the identity of Ehrenfels. As accurate as they are, they are simply incomplete. I suppose, when you think about it, their efforts bare resemblance to our organized body of knowledge in psychology. A loose concatenation of conflicting findings culled from surface observations, tauted as probing. What did Greg Easterbrook of the Brookings Institution say in his NFL Network "Tuesday Morning Quarterback" column (January 6, 2004) about psychological research reported by ABC News and the New York Times:'(They) describe years listening to recordings of spontaneous conversations to analyze the roles of 'ums' and 'uhs' in communication. Their conclusion? Saying 'uh' means you need a second to decide what to say next, while saying 'um' means you need a couple seconds. Um, Herbert Clark of Stanford and Jean Fox Tree of the University of California at Santa Cruz, doesn't everyone already know this? Please, please tell me this study was not funded by federal taxpayers.'"

"The self-styled sleuths are working with an incomplete set of puzzle pieces, and we'll explain why their attempts to link Ehrenfels with an individual have been as much in vain as they have been in vein. You'll understand that it's not that they aren't capable enough or devoted enough, but simply because we haven't made enough information available to them. Why? Because we're holding the edges of the puzzle."

Wyatt Ehrenfels is a pen name adopted by, among others, a Ph.D. in Social-Personality Psychology to protect spouses and supporters from those in the field of psychology as bent on retaliation as they are on repression. A retaliatory overture directed against the spouse of one Shadow Psychology official, has been incorporated into the final draft of the novel.

For all his apparent depth and diversity, Ehrenfels represents far more than the views and experiences of one complainant/crusader. "It's typical that they have sought the right answer to the wrong question. People have not yet asked the right question," remarked Ehrenfels. "At one point some individuals have wisely questionned whether they are being misled into believing Ehrenfels is male. But no one has addressed the potential plurality of Ehrenfels. 'Just how many people is Wyatt Ehrenfels?'" Ehrenfels offered this wider glimpse into reality upon monitoring Internet chatter indicating individuals were prepared to engage in public speculation as to the identity of Ehrenfels. "Someone out there is going to be either falsely accused of being Ehrenfels or will be required to shoulder the entire burden of being Ehrenfels when, in fact, Ehrenfels consists of a number of loosely connected contributors serving various functions in a nationwide campaign." Ehrenfels claims that two or three of his contributors are obvious targets of speculation because they have opted not to take extraordinary measures to cover their tracks, though their visibility provides cover for key members of the network. Over the past three years, three persons have already been fingered for Ehrenfels. "At least 2 and likely 3 individuals based on a thorough investigation are likely to be cited as Ehrenfels. While both individuals have contributed documents or services to the campaign or web site, neither is the author of Fireflies in the Shadow of the Sun and neither is the main point of contact or correspondent. While our web site's news page, or at least the last time I checked it did, contains a statement to the effect that 'J. Wyatt Ehrenfels eludes detection to protect his allies,' it is ironic that the person identified as Ehrenfels is one of those allies the pseudonym was aimed to protect." Shadow Psychology representatives insist that this, the third person alleged to be Ehrenfels, is a peripheral figure, and that the claim provides them with additional evidence for its own contention that psychological research is myopic in ministering to data that, while accurate, is far from the complete picture, resulting in a caricature of the truth. "What they have on this person is accurate. He was one of a handful of individuals who responded to our 'call for horror stories' in the R & D phase of book production with finalist-caliber materials. He contributed a storyline and an example of the kind of research Shadow Psychology can endorse. But he is the tip of the Freudian iceberg, and those who want to treat the whole truth as synonymous with what has been made available to them are, well, short-sighted." The Ehrenfels clan, which includes an unspecified number of individuals who share a criticism of the science of psychology and/or offer grievances incorporated into the plot of the novel, by and large relishes the thought of having "thrown illusions into the zone." "It's easy for our key members to remain anonymous when a couple contributors are willing to risk detection. One individual can be rather easily traced through his dissertation. Because the dissertation serves as such an unfortunately unique example of the kind of quality dream research that is lacking in our field, he wanted us to have it. So we decided to capitalize on that by listing his name as a point of contact for domains and what not. It's just good defense. Convince the opposing quarterback to pass into what he mistakes for man-to-man coverage, when he's really looking at a zone defense." Those in the inner circle of The Shadow Psychology Network will enjoy demonstrating the "plurality of Ehrenfels" in synchronized book signings and speeches across the country. And the novel itself reads like an integrated anthology. "This is a huge book." The person charged with the task of authorship believed that only an epic narrative and complex plot could do justice to all the horror stories contributed to the book. "It's like using the method of least squares to find the single line that represents the relationship among all these scattered points." Spanning two volumes, the novel draws readers into the halls of an office building (the aptly-named "National School of Professional Psychology") which is a composite of multiple psychology programs involving multiple protagonists. The author jokes that, despite the realistic basis of the novel, he created a "picture-less comic book" not unlike the Marvel series throwing together all the Superfriends into a Justice League engaged in one cosmic battle royal after another with a pantheon of proven supervillains.

The Ehrenfels clan, which refers to itself as The Shadow Psychology Network, is coy about the structure of its inner circle. "We're not releasing any flow charts," remarks its designated correspondent. "But we've known from the beginning we wanted the network, because only as a network can we take on a whole profession and survive any series of hypothetical scenarios regarding retaliation. But you do need at least a pair of network members to be front men, and these roles are associated with a greater risk of detection. And these individuals made the Ehrenfels identity a no-lose proposition for us. Those eager to unmask the Ehrenfels persona should not despair however, as many key members will eventually come forward in the months following the release of the book. They simply do not want to see all the credit go to one individual a few cyber-sleuths (who did the minimal homework) appointed as a figurehead. They want a trophy. Or possibly a piñata. But how much of a trophy is it when it is so transparent? No doubt others have traced this network to these 2-3 contributing members, but have not come forward to claim their prize simply because it was too easy to be the whole truth. But we'll come forward on our own timetable. This is not to slight the would-be sleuths, as we simply set this whole thing up so we could not be unveiled. There is not enough information on the Internet."

Having psychologists in the network ensures that Ehrenfels is trained in research & analysis and is vested with a fund of knowledge about small group dynamics, interpersonal relations, the structure and dynamics of the human personality, and most importantly, the vaunted norms that govern the day-to-day operations of academics and practitioners. I can think of no one more qualified to opine on the adverse impact of a field's sociological properties on its science.

Despite the network infrastructure, the group still refers to itself as "I," claiming as one of its mission precepts that the individual is the vehicle of life and indivisible/insoluble unit of ShadowPsychology. "At this early stage, I may have lost some support as a result of adopting the pseudonym," admits Ehrenfels. "But it's not like I am groveling for attention. My web logs record an average of over 250 visits to my web site a day and over 2,000 accesses. Most importantly, I owe the support of the most significant people to the nom de plume. And as for the support I may have failed to secure, well, some of those readers understandably have questions about my motives and intentions and about whether my creative campaign will have as many constructive as destructive effects. 'Do I intend to destroy the field of psychology?' and that sort of thing from people concerned about the effects of my efforts on the value of their degree. These questions will be dispelled once the book is released and I fully expect to recoup any ground I may have lost to the pen name. This will take the sting out of the juvenile salvos of some denizens living on those questionnable UseNet "news groups" who proclaim my use of a pseudonym to be an act of deceit and fraudulence despite their own anonymity and who seek to exploit the fact I began publicizing the book ahead of its release for public sale. You know, the kind of mudslinging traditionally directed at muckrakers and whistleblowers. Nothing would please me more than to announce with aplomb that the organized cyber-stalking (i.e., the intimidation, extortion, identity theft, hacking, and defamation) is being perpetrated by psychologists, but given all the other lies manufactured, e-mail addresses forged, and false complaints filed, I have to treat their claims to having a Ph.D. in psychology with incredulity and skepticism."

Immaculate Misfit? Or Shadow of Modern Psychology?

Don't let the metaphor go to your head. It didn't go to the head of Shadow Psychology Network coordinator J. Wyatt Ehrenfels. J. Wyatt Ehrenfels explains why he has been tapped with such labels as the 'shadow of modern psychology' and the 'immaculate misfit':

Background

"Since May, 2001, I have been absorbing responses to my web site and participating in contests of wills ranging from debates to disputes. There are many professionals out there invested in my anihilation, using various tactics to divert readers from the logic of my argument. But my argument cannot be defused by casting aspersions on my motive, tenor, or venue. Where I choose to discuss my argument, how I may or may not feel when I discuss it, or what I might or might not hope to accomplish -- regardless of how you fill in these blanks -- at the end of the day there is still this argument. My adversaries have been abusing the term "inappropriate" since I was a student. I have always been fascinated by the fact none of the students against whom this charm is directed ever probe the meaning of the term or question its rightness. Perhaps because the word "inappropriate" serves a purely expressive function. It is a judgment. An evaluation. In fancy lingo, it is an "apotropaism," which means something designed to ward off evil. Invoked ritualistically, this magical chant or exorcism, this single one-size-fits-all self-substantiating word wards off the legitimacy of any and all threats by conferring upon them instant and utter disqualification. If you think about it, this word is just like the people who use it: bloated beyond its own boundaries. It is polished in its appearance and formal in its behavior but when you look closely, it is absolutely hollow. In end-of-semester student evaluation meetings, these people deflected attention away from my generally excellent academic performance in order to launch into an "evaluation" that began as a purely characterological assessment and ended up as character assassination. Why would I not expect them to make a V-line directly to the ad hominem, deploying their package of pretexts and red herrings to divert attention away from the merits of my critique? As listserv moderators, psychology professors comport themselves in similar ways, relying heavily on censorship and disinformation to manage a flow of information favorable to their points of view and their positions as mentors of a captive audience, and they often filter me out or ban me under the guise of community rules and in the name of protecting their community members, uniquely and arbitrarily applying these rules to me and claiming to speak for their members, all while presenting only their side to their members, replete with fabrications, in characterizing me as a "salesman," "spammer," or "soured loser."

But it's not all bad. Over the years I have also enjoyed a wealth of supportive and complimentary correspondence. It is pleasing to read every once in a while from an insider willing to part with observations like "While Wyatt may be too iconoclastic for some tastes, he raises a good point about the facile acceptance of certain conventions by psychology teachers and researchers (present company included)"..."I like what you're doing"..."There's more than a kernel of truth to his argument"..."Your views are interesting"..."Don't underestimate the effect you are having"...and "You have a great voice." Being drawn to mystery like heat to cold across a temperature gradient, I am most interested in the unformed and ambivalent opinions; whether we're talking about support with an edge, friction with a concessional aspect, or pithy statements with an inherent duality that defies classification like "the threat of rejection is water off a duck's back to this strange dude." I have been dubbed the "shadow of modern psychology" as well as an "immaculate misfit" by readers who understand that what I am bringing to the table is a healthy dose of disequilibrium.

As Shadow of Modern Psychology

For those of you unfamiliar with Jung's Analytical Psychology, a shadow refers to the unconscious complex in each of us that consists of repressed, incompatible, or subliminal qualities and ideas. Each of us makes his or her way in this world with a pattern of endorsements we call an ego or identity and with a repertoire of skills that allow us to work within the framework of expectations and requirements that is our lifestyle and routine. Our shadow consists of everything that is painful to, inconsistent with, or unrecognized by our ego identities, but this does not mean that the shadow is evil. The shadow is a vital component of the personality and often the emissary of a broader mind seeking to make room for growth by cleaving the ego identity from the singular goal of adjustment. Normal psychological processes serve as underwater currents in what is a complementary and cooperative relationship between shadow and ego identity, but where the ego identity develops a chronic prejudicial attitude against the shadow material, depriving the psychic system of its flexibility and degrees of freedom, the shadow recriprocates the antagonism by sabotaging the ego identity. As the architect of dreams and impulses, for example, the shadow, like a computer program running 'in the background,' can muck with the cognitive underpinnings of consciousness. In other words, it messes with that sense organ called "consciousness" in ways that can place the ego identity in the best position to be contradicted or frustrated, pressuring it into new directions. In some cases, this amounts to putting the person in harm's way, which is typically how the person feels in these situations. Jung technically described the process as one in which the dream experiences "scripted" by the shadow redistribute value across criteria for judgment and re-adjusting settings for perceptions, which in turn predisposes the person to interpret and organize things a little differently -- to moods and assessments -- to decisions and actions that may seem to come from the ego and may seem consonant with its goals but which unwittingly remove the person from his or her comfort zone -- routine and strengths. The person finds him- or herself in situations that require the depreciated skills or values or in situations in which the endorsed set of skills and values are inappropriate. The shadow is said here to be correcting or compensating for the excesses or deficiencies of the ego identity, for its prejudices.

Similarly, "J Wyatt Ehrenfels" is the personification of many qualities and values that are inconsistent with the day-to-day operations of psychological research, education, and mental health delivery. In the name of goals his endorsed ideas and qualities would actually advance (e.g., science), psychology professors undermined his efforts at every turn to carve a niche for himself within Psychology. Their prejudicial attitude toward Ehrenfels precipitated an antagonistic response in which Ehrenfels redefined his goal from one of "contributing to the scientific development of psychology" to one of "removing current elements of the regime that hinder such development." "They have made me the shadow of modern psychology and, as such, I will be the architect of their nightmares, and I will be here to point out their one-sidedness, their pathology, and their proneness to accidents."

Is Fireflies in the Shadow of the Sun a Modern Day Gnostic Gospel?

The persecution of Wyatt Ehrenfels by professionals and kookologists harkens back to the first few centuries after the death of Christ, when an organized group of heresiologists killed and exiled Gnostics. "What ultimately became the Chruch as we know it today was vulnerable. A formal Christian theology had not yet gelled into the creed we know today, and fresh currents of thought continued to flow like tributaries into the mainstream. Gnostics wanted the emerging canon to reflect the idea that the absolute knowledge of the authentic truths of existence is accessible to human beings through direct personal experience. Well, the emerging authority tired of the unmanageable number of testimonies being produced daily by Gnostics bearing witness to all sorts of divine manifestations. The nature of the experiences serving as sources of these testimonies was seldom known and, given the lack of clarity and credibility, the early Christian Church, attempting to establish a formal authority and central canon, dismissed the Gnostics as kooks. Gnostics were condemned for their distaste for static creed (rational propositional theology), always seeking to remain close to the divine spark of knowledge that revealed truths through experience."

In Fireflies in the Shadow of the Sun we find a clear historical parallel. An author with connections to the psychological community (as a social psychologist) seeks to contribute to the emerging science of dreams. Attempting to provide what is lacking from the body of knowledge about dreams, Wyatt Ehrenfels claims his original theories and research methodologies were influenced by a lifetime of direct personal experiences with dreaming. Unlike modern psych profs, most of whom seldom recall their dreams, Wyatt Ehrenfels appreciates the value of products emerging from inside an individual, treating contemplation and reflection and raw personal experience as more effective to a science of Psychology than the impersonal process of deriving hypotheses from another study's findings. "What I'm doing is hardly tea leaves and Tarot cards. I am practicing science. The kind of science I practice is probably close to what the lay public envisions in a science. My claim to fame here is the simple observation that the so-called empirical methods of modern day psychological researchers has lost touch with vital sources in experience and thus has lost its claim to empiricism itself. Here I speak of the sources of our ideas for research. The sources of our theories. Even the material that feeds our research findings, the so-called 'data' itself, has been stripped of its individual source character. You would never guess by the way psych profs do business that the individual is the indivisible and insoluble vehicle of life. We routinely violate indivisibility when we sample a little piece of something from each volunteer (particularistic collection) to address a circumscribed hypothesis and then routinely violate insolubility when we dump all these little somethings into a statistical sausage grinder (aggregate analysis). I am not saying such practices do not have a role in Psychology, but rather that psych profs hate everything that smacks of the inside of an individual. At the root of the debate here is what constitutes the way to knowledge. I submit that the health of any science requires a coordination of perception and reason. But modern psych profs do not respect sources of data in the individual person and they do not tolerate them in the individual scientist. This has led some psych profs to condemn dreaming itself as inherently unscientific, placing on the viability of dreaming the condition that a scientist be able to witness the dream. As psych profs have not invented 'dream cams', they draw untenable and frivolous inferences about the source and function of dreams from patterns of electrical and chemical activity in the brain. My work, which draws constructively from my own thinking and my own experiences as a dreamer, directly examines the content and characteristics of the individual dreams of individual persons, and all this individualism, which I regard as the only direct and credible path to knowledge about dreams, strikes psych profs as inadmissable in the court of Science on the grounds of self-indulgence and unreliability. The individualism makes for a spectacle offensive to scientists, and they avoid it like they avoid chewing gum on the sidewalk."

Other parallels between Gnosticism and Wyatt Ehrenfels include the Gnostic belief in the duality of God. "While they believed God was of one unified substance, like the Church, Gnostics believed the manifestations of God in human experience to have been dualistic. Similarly, I complain that there does not appear to be any room in Psychology anymore for the study of the human being's inherent 'oppositionality.' The founding fathers of Psychology based their models of the human psyche on a dialectical relationship between conscious and unconscious minds, and they framed psychopathology as symptoms of inner conflict and compromise. If the founding fathers were reborn and readmitted to graduate school, they would be treated as an annoying source of impertinence and obscurity and bounced out on their heads faster than you can say 'id.' I have called for a science of oppositionality not only to address dreams, but to resolve the rather obtuse dispute within the field of interpersonal attraction as to whether 'similarities attract' or 'opposites attract.' While psych profs demand a singular answer to this static question (and they are naturally disposed to similarities), I am treated as something between heterodoxical and heretical for suggesting that both are correct (that both similarities and opposites factor into a dynamic complementarity)."

While God does not factor into Wyatt's view of science, he was quick to note that the Gnostics valued the regular immersion into conscious awareness of raw experiences from spontaneous sources outside consciousness. "People who were not Gnostics, and most people today, diminished intuitions, images, hunches, feelings. Today they might be thought of as vexing or frivolous impertinences or even as secretions or abortions of the brain. But the Gnostics treated them as manifestations of an 'uncreated self' that was synonymous with God. This was the stuff of revelation teaching us about our own Spirits, which was important to them because they believed God wanted us to find the light within each of us rather than to look for it outside us. James writes in his Gnostic Gospel that he received these words from Christ: "These things I shall say to you for the present. But now I shall ascend to the place from which I have come. But you, when I was eager to go, have driven me out, and, instead of your accompanying me, you have pursued me." The inner-directedness of Gnostics and their value on personal experience contributed to a diversity that was difficult for people then and now to circumscribe, and people treated it as a cause for suspicion. The fact that Gnostics claimed to have personal access to the divine also got them branded as arrogant, a charge I occassionally draw from professionals who do not want me trusting my own judgment and drawing from my own perception in designing scientific research as a member of their community.

Fireflies in the Shadow of the Sun, as a testament to my own experiences of the human psyche, the otherworldly (dreams), and clashes with the academic community, draws considerably more fire than my contributions to the science of dreams. I have no doubt that the would-be contributors killed and exiled by the early Chruch would have looked upon this book as a modern day Gnostic Gospel.

As Immaculate Misfit

"I think 'immaculate' is used here to refer to the fact my motives are relatively pure. The framework of norms and expectations governing the day-to-day operations of psychologists is embedded within a social institution and, as such, it is naturally perturbed by influences with more of a grounding in social necessity and expediency than in science or nature. Unfortunately, psychologists have not only done little to reduce the social construction of their field to an inexorable minimum, but have amplified the contributions of their social and material context. Consequently, career-driven psychologists with less than scholarly motives have set in motion a chain of events that caused this discipline to evolve into a gild and profession. Their bloated framework of arbitrary and superfluous expectations encourages mindlessness, homogenizes psychologists, and bureaucratizes education and knowledge production. I am actually not the threat to Psychology. Their shadow sides have already sabotaged their aims. I am merely giving a human voice to this social-psychological dynamic. They have slipped from true science into Procrustean paradigm, from scholarship into a vapid, unproductive form of professionalism based solely on appeals to consensus or authority, and from callings or vocations into careers. Once "the pursuit of truth about the human psyche," their mission/mantra deteriorated into "the pursuit of excellence in the field of Psychology." Notice they have shifted from a subject-focused mission to a researcher-focused and profession-focused mission.

Inasmuch as one is impervious to these contaminants (not unlike antibodies in a body pervaded by an overwhelming virus), that person is doomed to incompatibility in a world where even a less-than-perfect fit is deemed a misfit.


fireflySun.com Report List

16 Points Memo: Wyatt Ehrenfels

16 Points Page: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Psychology Careers: Careers in Psychology Wyatt Ehrenfels

Adventure on APAGS listserv: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Cancer Research Appendices: Wyatt Ehrenfels

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Cancer Research Introduction: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Wyatt Ehrenfels Overpowers UCLA Psychology Professor: Wyatt Ehrenfels

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Psychologists Abuse Usenet to Stalk Its Critics: Wyatt Ehrenfels

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Psychotherapist Scott Adams Offers Positive Commentary on Wyatt Ehrenfels memo: Scott Adams

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Wyatt Ehrenfels

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Wyatt Ehrenfels Teams with Dream Researcher Gail Bixler: Wyatt Ehrenfels

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Wyatt Ehrenfels Interviews with Internal Correspondent: Wyatt Ehrenfels

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Student Defies Psychology Professor's Warning Not to Correspond with Wyatt Ehrenfels: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Wyatt Ehrenfels Chides Daniel Dennett for Evangelical Atheism in Psychology: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Wyatt Ehrenfels Argues Psychology Graduate Education Not Worth the Money: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Psychology Professors Acknowledge Student Complaints about Curriculum: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Wyatt Ehrenfels Answers Critics, Campaign of Diversionary Tactics: Wyatt Ehrenfels

American Psychological Association Denies Listserv Members Access to Wyatt Ehrenfels OKTV Broadcast Report: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Wyatt Ehrenfels Talks about the Dissertation Experience: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Wyatt Ehrenfels Discusses a Methodology for Dream Research: Wyatt Ehrenfels

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Urban E-Zine Entelechy Publishes Wyatt Ehrenfels Essay: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Wyatt Ehrenfels Defends Dream Research against Vaunted Psychology News Group Moderator: Wyatt Ehrenfels

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Brad Jesness Target of Malicious Psychologists on Usenet: Brad Jesness

Wyatt Ehrenfels Teams with Medal-Winning Author M.J. John: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Wyatt Ehrenfels Critical of Vaunted Cornell Research Claiming Opposites Do NOT Attract: Wyatt Ehrenfels

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Wyatt Ehrenfels Counsels High School Students on Choice of College Major: Wyatt Ehrenfels

APPIC Match Service Helps Veterans Hospital Psychologists Discriminate against Applicants w/ Disabilities: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Psychology Professional Development at Odds with Adult Maturation: Wyatt Ehrenfels

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Wyatt Ehrenfels Releases Revitalized Pocket Memo: Wyatt Ehrenfels

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Why Community Access Television Is Coming Around to Wyatt Ehrenfels: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Overview of Wyatt Ehrenfels's Fireflies in the Shadow of the Sun: Wyatt Ehrenfels

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Psychology Graduate Schools Blasted for Culture of Student Character Assassination: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Ode to Psychology Students: Are You Making A Major out of a Molehill: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Multicultural Fetish of Psychology Professors Belie Suppression of Individual Freedom, Ideas in Psychology: Wyatt Ehrenfels

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Wyatt Ehrenfels Uses Evolutionary Theory, Natural Selection to Impugn D-Volving Psychology: Wyatt Ehrenfels

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Dreams & Dreaming Frequently Asked Questions: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Wyatt Ehrenfels Discusses Predictive Power of Tornado Dreams: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Wyatt Ehrenfels Releases Preface to Fireflies in the Shadow of the Sun: Wyatt Ehrenfels

In a Drugged States, New Mexico Legislators Give Psychologists Prescriptive Authority: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Fireflies in the Shadow of the Sun Press Release: Katheryn Moyer

Brad Jesness Exposes Malicious Stalking by Psychologists on Usenet: Brad Jesness

Psychology Majors Respond to Wyatt Ehrenfels fireflySun.com: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Wyatt Ehrenfels Offers Personality Taxonomy: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Wyatt Ehrenfels Offers Blueprint for Blighted Psychology: Wyatt Ehrenfels

From Position of Ignorance, APA Official Diverts Attention from/Urges Skepticism for, Wyatt Ehrenfels APPIC Discrimination Report: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Wyatt Ehrenfels Comes to Terms with Roiled Psychology Graduate Student and News Group Moderator: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Responses to Wyatt Ehrenfels Campaign to Reform Psychology: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Independent Publisher Offers Glowing Review of Fireflies in the Shadow of the Sun: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Wyatt Ehrenfels Teams with Psychotherapist Robert Roerich: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Wyatt Ehrenfels Says Psychology Professors Play Games with Rules: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Wyatt Ehrenfels Teams with Physicist Jeff Schmidt: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Malicious Stalking by Psychologists Abusing Psychotherapy News Group: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Wyatt Ehrenfels Reveals Groupthink, Abuse in Psychology Faculty Evaluation of Graduate Students: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Wyatt Ehrenfels Begins Sequel to Fireflies in the Shadow of the Sun: Wyatt Ehrenfels

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Wyatt Ehrenfels Diagnoses the Diagnosticians with the Shadow DSM: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Prominent UC-Davis Dream Researcher Dodges Wyatt Ehrenfels Draft of Reformers: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Wyatt Ehrenfels Teams with Management Consulting Maven R. Mallory Starr: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Overview of Wyatt Ehrenfels Dream Research with Cancer Patients: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Wyatt Ehrenfels Comments on the Short Falls of Teaching in Psychology: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Popular Psychotherapy All about Controlling Chaos: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Washington National Cathedral Site of Synchronicity in Novel by Social Psychologist: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Wyatt Ehrenfels Comments on the Value of a Degree in Psychology: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Wyatt Ehrenfels Offers Strategy for Self-Science of Dreams: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Wyatt Ehrenfels Attacks Psychology on Two Fronts: Wyatt Ehrenfels

Connie Vaughn Teams with Wyatt Ehrenfels to Explain Why She Is Not a Psychology: Connie Vaughn

Benjamin Willard Elected President of Wyatt Ehrenfels Fan Club: Benjamin Willard

Wyatt Ehrenfels Identifies Flaws in U.S. News Report of Psychology Employment Prospects: Wyatt Ehrenfels